ف ع ل is every verb which has the Ayn as a Waaw belongs to Chapter One, which

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1 بسم اهلل الرمحن الرحيم As-Sarf (Morphology) ~ Class Nineteen احلمد هلل رب العاملني وصلى اهلل وسلم وبارك على نبينا حممد وعلى آله وصحبه أمجعني, أما بعد Our teacher began with praising Allaah and sending salaat and salaam on the Messenger of Allaah, his family, companions and followers until the Last Day and began: REVIEW األ جو ف The Ajwaf This means that the ayn is harfu illah (i.e. it is either Alif or a Waaw or a Yaa ). CONJUGATION And know that every Alif in a three letter verb is turned from either a waaw or yaa.. Always keep that in mind there is no such thing as an original alif in a three letter verb. When you do see an alif in a three letter verb, that Alif is either turned from a waaw or a yaa. So last Sarf class we took the conjugations on al Ajwaf and we only took the Maadh for both cases the case when there is a waaw in the middle (the ayn) and the case when there is a yaa is in the middle (the ayn). Today we take the Mudhaari we have already taken actually but there are certain details you should know in certain conjugations. The Mudaari Here (i.e. in the Ajwaf) the dhammah or the kasrah can be used on the ayn, because ف ع ل is every verb which has the Ayn as a Waaw belongs to Chapter One, which Establishing The Principles Ustaad Fahd At-Tahiriyy As-Sarf 1

and every verb which has the Ayn as a Yaa belongs to Chapter Two, which ي فعل.ف ع ل ي فع ل is So here we bring both possibilities. The conjugation of the Mudaari is: When the Ayn is a Waaw.

2 and every verb which has the Ayn as a Yaa belongs to Chapter Two, which ي فعل.ف ع ل ي فع ل is So here we bring both possibilities. The conjugation of the Mudaari is: When the Ayn is a Waaw. ق- و- ل Here it is going to be on the scale of ي فعل -with a dhammah on the ayn-, because the Ayn is a Waaw belonging to Chapter One. Establishing The Principles Ustaad Fahd At-Tahiriyy As-Sarf 2

3 That what will happen to أ قول has already been explained. The dhammah is heavy on the waaw and in this case If you can t Move Remove. Here we are able to move it to the vacant أ ق ول letter before it so it will be Establishing The Principles Ustaad Fahd At-Tahiriyy As-Sarf 3

4 Establishing The Principles Ustaad Fahd At-Tahiriyy As-Sarf 4

5 Al Ghaaib is going to be the same as Al Mukhaatab, only there is a yaa in the beginning instead of a taa. الغ ائب is the spoken about female, the yaa here is for the single spoken to ت ق ول ني in the Ghaaib it means she does, unlike as in the Mukhaatab where it ت فع ل means you (male) do. We first move the heavy dhammah on the Waaw to the Qaaf (the.ت قو لن is originally ت ق لن vacant letter before it) ولن.ت ق Now we have two sukoons in a row. We drop the first silent letter if it is a harfu illah with a suitable harakah before it. In this case the two conditions are met here (i.e. the first silent letter is a waaw (i.e. harfu illah) and the letter before it has a.ت ق لن letter) dhammah -a suitable harakah-) so we are able to drop the waaw (the first silent, we give the dhammah on the waaw to the qaaf and drop ت فع لن is just like ي فع لن the waaw. Establishing The Principles Ustaad Fahd At-Tahiriyy As-Sarf 5

6 Allaah سبحانه وتعالى said: قل ل أ قول ل كم ع ند ي خ ز ائ ن الل ه و ل أ ع ل م ال غ ي ب و ل أ قول ل كم م ل ك إ ن أ ت ب ع إ ل م ا ي وح ى إ ل قل ه ل ي س ت و ي األ ع م ى و ال ب ص ي ت ت ف ك ر ون إ ن أ ف ل Say (O Muhammad SAW): I don t tell you that with me are the treasures of Allah, nor (that) I know the unseen; nor I tell you that I am an angel. I but follow what is revealed to me by inspiration. Say: Are the blind and the one who sees equal? will you not then take thought? [6:50] أ ق ول : I say ل ق د س ع الل ه ق و ل ال ذ ين ق ال وا إ ن الل ه ف ق ي و ن ن أ غ ن ي اء س ن ك ت ب م ا ق ال وا و ق ت ل ه م األ نب ي اء ب غ ي ح ق و ن ق ول ذ وق وا ع ذ اب احل ر يق Indeed, Allah has heard the statement of those (Jews) who say: Truly, Allah is poor and we are rich! We shall record what they have said and their killing of the Prophets unjustly, and We shall say: Taste you the torment of the burning (Fire). [3:181] ي و م ن ق ول ل ه ن م ه ل ام ت ل ت و ت ق ول ه ل م ن م ز يد On the Day when We will say to Hell: Are you filled? It will say: Are there any more (to come)? [50:30] ت ق ول here means she says, because jahannam (hellfire) is feminine. أ ل ت ر إ ل ال ذ ين ن ه وا ع ن الن ج و ى ث ي ع ود ون ل م ا ن ه وا ع ن ه و ي ت ن اج و ن ب ا ل ث Establishing The Principles Ustaad Fahd At-Tahiriyy As-Sarf 6

7 و ال ع د و ان و م ع ص ي ت الر س ول و إ ذ ا ج اء وك ح ي و ك ب ا ل ي ي ك ب ه الل ه و ي قول ون س ف أ نف س ه م ل و ل ي ع ذ ب ن ا الل ه ب ا ن ق ول ح سبهم ج ه ن م ي ص ل و ن ه ا ف ب ئ ال م ص ي Have you not seen those who were forbidden to hold secret counsels, and afterwards returned to that which they had been forbidden, and conspired together for sin and wrong doing and disobedience to the Messenger (Muhammad SAW ). And when they come to you, they greet you with a greeting wherewith Allah greets you not, and say within themselves: Why should Allah punish us not for what we say? Hell will be sufficient for them, they will burn therein, and worst indeed is that destination! [58:8] إ ذ ت ق ول ل ل م ؤ م ن ني أ ل ن ي ك ف ي ك م أ ن ي د ك م ر ب ك م ب ث ل ث ة آ ل ف م ن ال م ل ئ ك ة م نز ل ني (Remember) when you (Muhammad SAW) said to the believers, Is it not enough for you that your Lord (Allah) should help you with three thousand angels; sent down? [3:124] : We say ن ق ول : You say ت ق ول : They all say ي ق ول ون أ ف أ ص ف اك م ر ب ك م ب ال ب ن ني و ا ت ذ م ن ال م ل ئ ك ة إ ن اث ا إ ن ك م ل ت ق ول ون ق و ل ع ظ يم ا Has then your Lord (O pagans of Makkah) preferred for you sons, and taken for Himself from among the angels daughters. Verily! You utter an awful saying, indeed. [17:40] Establishing The Principles Ustaad Fahd At-Tahiriyy As-Sarf 7

8 و ق ال وا ل ن ت س ن ا الن ار إ ل أ ي ام ا م ع د ود ة ق ل أ ت ذ ت ع ند الل ه ع ه د ا ف ل ن ي ل ف الل ه ع ه د ه أ م ت ق ول ون ع ل ى الل ه م ا ل ت ع ل م ون And they (Jews) say, The Fire (i.e. Hell-fire on the Day of Resurrection) shall not touch us but for a few numbered days. Say (O Muhammad Peace be upon him to them): Have you taken a covenant from Allah, so that Allah will not break His Covenant? Or is it that you say of Allah what you know not? [2:80] ت ق ول ون : You all say ك ت اب ه م ن ف أ م ا ك ت اب ي ه اق ر ء وا ه اؤ م ف ي ق ول ب ي م ين ه أ وت Then as for him who will be given his Record in his right hand will say: Take, read my Record! [69:19] ي ق ول ا ل نس ان ي و م ئ ذ أ ي ن ال م ف ر On that Day man will say: Where (is the refuge) to flee? [75:10] إ ن ا أ نذ ر ن اك م ع ذ اب ا ق ر يب ا ي و م ي نظ ر ال م ر ء م ا ق د م ت ي د اه و ي ق ول ال ك اف ر ي ا ل ي ت ن ك نت ت ر اب ا Verily, We have warned you of a near torment, the Day when man will see that (the deeds) which his hands have sent forth, and the disbeliever will say: Woe to me! Would that I were dust! [78:40] ي ق ول أ ه ل ك ت م ا ل ل ب د ا He says (boastfully): I have wasted wealth in abundance! [90:6] Establishing The Principles Ustaad Fahd At-Tahiriyy As-Sarf 8

9 ا ل نس ان ف أ م ا إ ذ ا و أ م ا إ ذ ا م ا م ا اب ت ل ه ر ب ه اب ت ل ه ف ق د ر ف أ ك ر م ه ر ز ق ه ع ل ي ه و ن ع م ه ف ي ق ول ف ي ق ول ر ب ر ب أ ك ر م ن ١٥ أ ه ان ن ١٦ As for man, when his Lord tries him by giving him honour and gifts, then he says (puffed up): My Lord has honoured me. But when He tries him, by straitening his means of life, he says: My Lord has humiliated me! [89:15/16] ي ق ول ي ا ل ي ت ن ق د م ت حل ي ات He will say: Alas! Would that I had sent forth (good deeds) for (this) my life! [89:24] ي ق ول : He says Beautiful verses it is a great deal of understanding. ك ل, No! it isn t that way. Some people thing when they are given, that means that Allaah is pleased with them. And that when Allaah restricts the provision for them they think it means He hates them. No! it is not that way, you got it wrong. The pleasure is not estimated by how much you have. It also proves that having the pleasure is also part of the test you re not tested with hardship only you re tested with pleasure as well-. Some believe that tests are only by the hardship, no the test is also by pleasures to see if you re thankful or not. So if you re having difficulties finding what you expect from this dunyah (world) and you don t and Allaah restricts it for you. Don t think that means that Allaah hates you, cause that is not how it goes. و ات ب ع وا الش ي اط ني ت ت ل و م ا ك ف ر وا الش ي اط ني ي ع ل م و ن ع ل ى الن ا س م ل ك الس ح ر س ل ي م ا ن أ نز ل و م ا و ل ك ن س ل ي م ان ك ف ر و م ا ب ب اب ل ه ارو ت ع ل ى ال م ل ك ني إ ن ا ن ن ف ت ن ة ف ل ت كفر ي ق و ل ح ت أ ح د م ن ي ع ل م ا ن و م ا و م ار وت Establishing The Principles Ustaad Fahd At-Tahiriyy As-Sarf 9

10 ف ي ت ع ل م ون م ن ه م ا م ا ي ف ر ق و ن ب ه ب ني ال م ر ء و ز و ج ه و م ا ه م ب ض ار ي ن ب ه م ن أ ح د إ ل ب إ ذ ن الل ه و ي ت ع ل م ون م ا ي ض ر ه م و ل ي نف عه م و ل ق د ع ل م وا ل م ن س م ا ش ر و ا ب ه أ نف س ه م ل و اش ت ر اه م ا ل ه ف ا ل خ ر ة م ن خ ل ق و ل ب ئ ك انوا ي ع ل م و ن They followed what the Shayatin (devils) gave out (falsely of the magic) in the lifetime of Sulaiman (Solomon). Sulaiman did not disbelieve, but the Shayatin (devils) disbelieved, teaching men magic and such things that came down at Babylon to the two angels, Harut and Marut, but neither of these two(angels) taught anyone (such things) till they had said, We are only for trial, so disbelieve not (by learning this magic from us). And from these (angels) people learn that by which they cause separation between man and his wife, but they could not thus harm anyone except by Allah s Leave. And they learn that which harms them and profits them not. And indeed they knew that the buyers of it (magic) would have no share in the Hereafter. And how bad indeed was that for which they sold their ownselves, if they but knew. [2:102] ي ق و ل is, but without the noon- and that we will learn in Grammer in shaa ي ق و ل ن Allaah. ي قول ون ل ئ ن ر ج ع ن ا إ ل ال م د ين ة ل يخ ر ج ن األ ع ز م ن ه ا األ ذ ل و ل ل ه ال ع ز ة و ل ر س ول ه و ل ل م ؤ م ن ني و ل ك ن ال م ن اف ق ني ل ي ع ل م و ن They (hyprocrites) say: If we return to Al-Madinah, indeed the more honourable ( Abdullah bin Ubai bin Salul, the chief of hyprocrites at Al-Madinah) will expel therefrom the meaner (i.e. Allah s Messenger SAW). But honour, power and glory belong to Allah, His Messenger (Muhammad SAW), and to the believers, but the hypocrites know not. [63:8] أ ل ت ر إ ل ال ذ ي ن ن ه وا ع ن الن ج و ى ث ي عود و ن ل م ا ن ه وا ع نه و ي ت ن اج و ن ب ا ل ث و ال ع د و ان و م ع ص ي ت الر س و ل و إ ذ ا ج اء و ك ح ي و ك ب ا ل ي ي ك ب ه الل ه و ي قول و ن Establishing The Principles Ustaad Fahd At-Tahiriyy As-Sarf 10

11 ب ا الل ه ي ع ذ ب ن ا ل و ل أ نف س ه م ف ن ق ول ح س ب ه م ج ه ن م ال م ص ي س ي ص ل و ن ه ا ف ب ئ Have you not seen those who were forbidden to hold secret counsels, and afterwards returned to that which they had been forbidden, and conspired together for sin and wrong doing and disobedience to the Messenger (Muhammad SAW ). And when they come to you, they greet you with a greeting wherewith Allah greets you not, and say within themselves: Why should Allah punish us not for what we say? Hell will be sufficient for them, they will burn therein, and worst indeed is that destination! [58:8] ي و م ي ر و ن ال م ل ئ ك ة ل ب ش ر ى ي و م ئ ذ ل ل م ج ر م ني و ي ق ول ون ح ج ر ا حم ج ور ا On the Day they will see the angels, no glad tidings will there be for the Mujrimun (criminals, disbelievers, polytheists, sinners, etc.) that day. And they (angels) will say: All kinds of glad tidings are forbidden for you, [None will be allowed to enter Paradise except the one who said: La ilaha ill-allah, (none has the right to be worshipped but Allah) and acted practically on its legal orders and obligations]. [25:22] إ ن الل ه ل ي س ت ح ي ي أ ن ي ض ر ب م ث ل م ا ب ع وض ة ف م ا ف و ق ه ا ف أ م ا ال ذ ي ن آم نوا ف ي ع ل م و ن أ ن ه احل ق م ن ر ب م و أ م ا ال ذ ي ن ك ف ر وا ف ي قول و ن م اذ ا أ ر ا د الل ه ب ذ ا م ث ل ي ض ل ب ه ك ث ي ا و ي ه د ي ب ه ك ث ي ا و م ا ي ض ل ب ه إ ل ال ف اس ق ني Verily, Allah is not ashamed to set forth a parable even of a mosquito or so much more when it is bigger (or less when it is smaller) than it. And as for those who believe, they know that it is the Truth from their Lord, but as for those who disbelieve, they say: What did Allah intend by this parable? By it He misleads many, and many He guides thereby. And He misleads thereby only those who are Al-Fasiqun (the rebellious, disobedient to Allah). [2:26] ص اد ق ني ك نت م إ ن ال و ع د ه ذ ا م ت و ي ق ول ون And they say: When will be this promise (the torment or the Day of Resurrection), if you speak the truth? [10:48] Establishing The Principles Ustaad Fahd At-Tahiriyy As-Sarf 11

12 احل اف ر ة ف ل م ردود و ن أ إ ن ا ي ق ول ون They say: Shall we indeed be returned to (our) former state of life? [79:10] When the Ayn is a Yaa. Same thing as when the ayn is a waaw, we only deal with a yaa and a kasrah instead of a waaw and a dhammah. Instead of a Waaw it is going to be a Yaa and instead of a Dhammah it is going to be a Kasrah. Now we will work with a kasrah on the ayn. ز- ي- د ز اد ي ز يد : he/it increased he/it increases Establishing The Principles Ustaad Fahd At-Tahiriyy As-Sarf 12

13 Here the process is the same as in أ قول. The kasrah is heavy on the yaa and because the.أ ز يد letter before it is vacant we can move it to it Establishing The Principles Ustaad Fahd At-Tahiriyy As-Sarf 13

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15 . We first move the kasrah on the Yaa to the Zay (the vacant ت زي دن is originally ت ز دن letter before it) due to heaviness ت ز يدن. Now we have two sukoons in a row. We drop the first silent letter if it is a harfu illah with a suitable harakah before it. In this case the two conditions are met here (i.e. the first silent letter is a yaa (i.e. harfu illah) and the letter before it has a kasrah -a suitable harakah-) so we are able to drop the yaa (the first silent.ت ز دن letter) Allaah سبحانه وتعالى said: ث ي ط م ع أ ن أ ز يد After all that he desires that I should give more; [74:15] أ ز يد : I increase و إ ذ ق ل ن ا اد خ ل وا ه ذ ه ال ق ر ي ة ف ك ل وا م ن ه ا ح ي ث ش ئ ت م ر غ د ا و اد خ ل وا ال ب اب س ج د ا و ق ول وا ح ط ة ن غ ف ر ل ك م خ ط اي اك م و س ن ز يد ال م ح س ن ني And (remember) when it was said to them: Dwell in this town (Jerusalem) and eat therefrom wherever you wish, and say, (O Allah) forgive our sins'; and enter the gate prostrate (bowing with humility). We shall forgive you your wrong-doings. We shall increase (the reward) for the good-doers. ن ز يد : We increase Establishing The Principles Ustaad Fahd At-Tahiriyy As-Sarf 15

16 ض ل ل إ ل ني الظ ال م ت ز د و ل أ ض ل وا و ق د ك ث ي ا And indeed they have led many astray. And (O Allah): Grant no increase to the Zalimun (polytheists, wrong-doers, and disbelievers, etc.) save error. [71:24] و ل و ال د ي ل اغ ف ر ر ب د خ ل ب ي ت م ؤ م ن ا و ل ل م ؤ م ن ني و ال م ؤ م ن ا ت و ل ت ز د و ل م ن الظ ال م ني إ ل ت ب ار ا My Lord! Forgive me, and my parents, and him who enters my home as a believer, and all the believing men and women. And to the Zalimun (polytheists, wrong-doers, and disbelievers, etc.) grant You noincrease but destruction! [71:28] ت ز يد : You increase Here in ت ز د, the yaa was dropped due to a grammatical reason. ق ال ي ا ق و م أ ر أ ي ت م إ ن ك نت ع ل ى ب ي ن ة م ن ر ب و آت ا ن م ن ه ر ح ة ف م ن ي نص ر ن م ن الل ه إ ن ع ص ي ت ه ف م ا ت ز يد ون ن غ ي ر ت س ي He said: O my people! Tell me, if I have a clear proof from my Lord, and there has come to me a Mercy (Prophethood, etc.) from Him, who then can help me against Allah, if I were to disobey Him? Then you increase me not but in loss. [11:63] ت ز يد ون : You all increase ه و ال ذ ي ج ع ل كم خ ل ئ ف ف األ ر ض ف م ن ك ف ر ف ع ل ي ه كف ر ه و ل ي ز يد ال ك اف ر ين كف ره م ع ن د ر ب م إ ل م ق ت ا و ل ي ز يد ال ك اف ر ي ن كف ره م إ ل خ س ار ا He it is Who has made you successors generations after generations in the earth, so whosoever disbelieves (in Islamic Monotheism) on him will be his disbelief. And the disbelief of the disbelievers adds nothing but hatred with their Lord. And the disbelief of the disbelievers adds nothing but loss. [35:39] Establishing The Principles Ustaad Fahd At-Tahiriyy As-Sarf 16

17 و ر ح ة ش ف اء ه و م ا ال ق ر آ ن م ن و ن ن ز ل خ س ار ا إ ل ني الظ ال م ي ز يد و ل ل ل م ؤ م ن ني And We send down from the Quran that which is a healing and a mercy to those who believe (in Islamic Monotheism and act on it), and it increases the Zalimun (polytheists and wrongdoers) nothing but loss. [17:82] و ي ز يد الل ه ال ذ ين اه ت د و ا ه د ى و ال ب اق ي ات الص احل ات خ ي ر ع ند ر ب ك ث و اب ا و خ ي ر م ر د ا And Allah increases in guidance those who walk aright [true believers in the Oneness of Allah who fear Allah much (abstain from all kinds of sins and evil deeds which He has forbidden), and love Allah much (perform all kinds of good deeds which He has ordained)]. And the righteous good deeds that last, are better with your Lord, for reward and better for resort. [19:76] ي ز يد : He increases و أ ر س ل ن اه إ ل م ائ ة أ ل ف أ و ي ز يد ون And We sent him to a hundred thousand (people) or even more. [37:147] Extra Benefit: The beginner will be successful when he focusses on two things Mainly: the definitions and the principles. HOMEWORK Conjugate the Mudaari with the same type of verbs given before. Establishing The Principles Ustaad Fahd At-Tahiriyy As-Sarf 17

18 ~~~ END OF CLASS ~~~ Notes transcribed by: Umm Omar Al Amreekiyyah Umm Sufyaan Al Maghribiyyah Establishing The Principles Ustaad Fahd At-Tahiriyy As-Sarf 18

In the previous class ustaadh gave us a general overview of those conjugations.

In the previous class ustaadh gave us a general overview of those conjugations. بسم اهلل الرمحن الرحيم As-Sarf (Morphology) ~ Class Fifteen احلمد هلل رب العاملني وصلى اهلل وسلم وبارك على نبينا حممد وعلى آله وصحبه أمجعني, أما بعد Our teacher began with praising Allaah and sending salaat